400-099-1860

　　考研英语大纲中，明确规定考生要有能力做到：“根据上下文推断重要生词或词组的含义”。针对这一要求，阅读理解中会出一种专门的题型，即：猜词题。这种题型主要考查考生对于文章中的某个词语、短语意思的理解和推测，其根本目的在于考查大家的英语语言基本功。我们不能奢望会背过所有词汇，在做题的过程中，势必会遇到一些生词或者数词生意需要去推测。下面文都教育老师就给大家介绍几种猜词的方法。

　　一、英语阅读词汇题必杀技之根据构词法推测

　　And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.

　　52. In paragraph 5, “the powerless” probably refers to ________.

　　[A] areas short of electricity

　　[B] dams without power stations

　　[C] poor countries around India

　　[D] common people in the Narmada Dam area

　　题目要求推测“the powerless” 指的是什么，根据构词法，词根power是权力，less是否定后缀，the加形容词是表示一类人，所以“the powerless”是没有权力的人。选项中只有D说到了common people普通人即没有权力的人。C选项说的是贫困国家;A和B都是取得power的另一个含义：电力， short of electricity和without power都是在说没电。由此可以看出，猜词题切忌只看词的表面含义，要对词性有准确的判断，然后结合上下文合理推断。

　　二、英语阅读词汇题必杀技之根据下文解释推测

　　As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms.

　　47. The word “gizmos” (Line 1) most probably means ________.

　　[A] programs

　　[B] experts

　　[C] devices

　　[D] creatures

　　题目要求推测“gizmos”的含义，改词没有明显构词特点，所以找上下文联系。下文中是原因状语从句对其解释说明，whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor.“它广泛存在，并能帮人类干活”，说明是一个工具类的东西。锁定答案范围[A] programs和[C] devices，再结合下文的列举，robot assembly arms，automated teller terminals，robot-drivers，证明是一个机器设备，所以选择C。很多猜词都是要结合上下文内容去推，找顺向关系或反向关系，原因解释属于顺向关系。

　　三、英语阅读词汇题必杀技之根据对应结构推测

　　It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. “Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?”

　　34. The word “arbiters” most probably refers to those _______.

　　[A] who work as coordinators

　　[B] who function as judges

　　[C] who supervise transactions

　　[D] who determine the price

　　所推词汇“arbiters”有后置定语，市场上谁赢谁输的“arbiters”，句子是反问句，结合前文出现determining which companies will flourish and which will fail决定哪个公司会兴盛哪个公司会失败。该结构与 the arbiters of who wins and who loses 形成对照关系，所以arbiters等于determining，意思是“决定”，答案为[B] who function as judges。

　　以上是文都教育老师帮大家总结的考研英语阅读理解三种猜词的方法，对于有构词特点的词汇，可以先从构词法的角度考虑，反之，其他词汇则从上下文的解释中追寻踪迹，有时候所推词汇与上下文当中的某个词会形成对应关系。文都教育在考研的道路上一直伴您左右!