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　　美国选举中选票有两种：

　　选民票：每一个在美国居住了6个月以上的美国公民都有权利投出的选票。

　　选举人票：根据人口比例每州有一定的选举人数量。比如：加利福尼亚州达55张，德克萨斯州38张，纽约州29张，而阿拉斯加、特拉华和怀俄明等每州只有3张;总共538张票;

　　获得选举人票多数的候选人当选美国总统;

　　两党候选人在各州拉选票，获选民票多的一方获得该州的全部选举人票;这叫赢者通吃;

　　这就是选举人票制度;这是美国特有的制度。

　　优点：

　　以"州"为选举单位。这个多数，不是全国范围的"多数"，而是每一个州的选民多数，这样更能保护小州的权益。这种制度迫使总统候选人不能只看重几个大州，而是看重每一个州，在每一个州获得多数选票。

　　缺点：

　　可能出现候选人虽然拿到全国多数选民票数却仍落选的情况，与民主政治的基本原则有所背离。

　　今天的题目：

　　The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal vernment’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.

　　It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.

　　[A] shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad

　　[B] there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide

　　[C] overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief

　　[D] a vernment board ensures fair play in railway business

　　昨天句子的解析：

　　①A century a Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.”

　　一个世纪以前，奥克塔威亚.希尔发起了国家自然保护组织，目的不是为了拯救那些华丽时尚的豪宅，而是“为所有人永久保留自然美的地方。”

　　②It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure/ where they could experience “a refreshing air.”

　　它专门为城市居民提供了休闲的空间，在哪里市民能体验到“一丝清新空气”。

　　③ Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts.

　　后来，在Hill的呼吁之下，国家公园和绿化带得以建成。

　　④They don’t make countryside any more，and every year concrete consumes more of it.

　　而现在，他们不再建设乡村，混泥土每年消耗更多的乡村。

　　concrete consumes more of it. 混泥土每年消耗更多的乡村

　　(这句话的意思就是在乡村修建了更多的房屋，占用了乡村绿地。)

　　⑤It needs constant guardianship.

　　乡村需要一直的保护。

　　27. According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now being___

　　[A]gradually destroyed.

　　[B]effectively reinforced.

　　[C]largely overshadowed.

　　[D]properly protected.

　　建议大家把题干和选项连在一起读。这样信息才完整!

　　A. The achievements of the National Trust are now being gradually destroyed.

　　B.The achievements of the National Trust are now being effectively reinforced.

　　C The achievements of the National Trust are being largely overshadowed.

　　D. The achievements of the National Trust are now being properly protected.

　　这四个句子的主语都是： achievements

　　定位到第四句：

　　④They don’t make countryside any more，and every year concrete consumes more of it.

　　而现在，他们不再建设乡村，混泥土每年消耗更多的乡村。

　　(concrete consumes more of it. 混泥土每年消耗更多的乡村)

　　the National Trust的成就就是保护了美丽的乡村;

　　而现在乡村被盖上了更多的房子;所以这个成就就被破坏了。

　　强烈的干扰项是：

　　C. The achievements of the National Trust are now being largely overshadowed.

　　成就被大规模的遮盖住了。

　　The achievements are now being largely overshadowed.

　　只有当一个更牛的成就出现以后才会说之前的成就被遮盖住了。

　　所以这里是不正确的。

2017考研冲刺集训营